Meta keywords are keywords inside Meta tags. Meta keywords are not likely to be used for search engine ranking. The words of title and description can be used as Meta keywords. It is a good idea for SEO purposes other than search engine ranking.

Keyword usage is the amount of your keywords inside Meta tags and contents of your website. Use keywords that describes your site properly for precise search engine result of your website.

The ideal page's ratio of text to HTML code must be between 20 to 60%. Because if it is come less than 20% it means you need to write more text on your website, while if you have more than 60% - your page might be considered as spammy.

robots.txt is a text file that reside on the websites root directory and contains the instruction for various robots (mainly search engine robots). It contains the information how you would like the robots to crawl and index your website on their own webpages. robots.txt contains the search bots or others bots name, directory list allowed or disallowed, indexing and crawling instructions for bots, time delay to crawl and index and even the sitemap URL. A full access or a full restriction, customized access or restriction, all can be imposed through robots.txt.

robots.txt is very important part for the SEO process. Your website directories will be crawled and indexed on search engine according to robots.txt instructions. So you need to add a robots.txt file in your website root directory. Write it properly, including your content enriched pages and other public pages, but exclude any pages which contain sensitive information. Remember robots.txt instruction to restrict access to your sensitive information of your page as it is not formidable on web page security grounds.
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Sitemap is a xml file which contains a full list of your websites URLs. It is used to include directories of your websites as the base for crawling and indexing of search engines and also for user access. The sitemap can help search engine bots to index your website faster and with deeper results. It is roughly the opposite of the robots.txt You can create a sitemap.xml with various free and paid services or you can write it by yourself (read the Learn more below, to see the inside about how to write a sitemap).

Also keep these things in mind :
1) Sitemap must be less than 10 MB (10,485,760 bytes) and can contain maximum 50,000 URLs. If you have more URLs than you should create multiple sitemap files and use a sitemap index file as well.
2) Put your sitemap in the website root directory and add the URL of your sitemap into the robots.txt file.
3) Sitemap.xml can be compressed using grip for faster loading time.

Broken link : a broken link is an inaccessible link or a URL of a website. A higher rate of broken links has a negative impact on search engine ranking due to reduced link quality. It also has a bad impact on user experience if they run into a 404 page. There are several reasons for broken links, the most common are listed below.
1) An incorrect link entered by you.
2) The destination website removed the linked web page given by you. (A common 404 error).
3) The destination website is irreversibly moved or does not exists anymore. (Changing domain or site blocked or dysfunctional).
4) The content may have been hidden behind some firewalls or alike software, or security mechanism that is blocking the access to the destination website.
5) You have provided a link to a site that is blocked by firewall or alike software for outside access.
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Older HTML tags and attributes that have been superseded by other more functional or flexible alternatives (whether as HTML or as CSS ) are declared as deprecated in HTML4 by the W3C - the consortium that sets the HTML standards. Browsers should continue to support deprecated tags and attributes, but eventually these tags are likely to become obsolete and so future support cannot be guaranteed.

GZIP is a generic compressor that can be applied to any stream of bytes: under the hood it remembers some of the previously seen content and attempts to find and replace duplicate data fragments in an efficient way. However, in practice, GZIP performs best on text-based content, often achieving compression rates of as high as 70-90% for larger files, whereas running GZIP on assets that are already compressed via alternative algorithms (e.g. most image formats) yields little to no improvement. It is also recommended that the GZIP compressed size should be <=33 KB

Inline CSS is the CSS code reside in html page under html tags not in external .CSS file. Inline CSS increases the loading time of your webpage which is an important search engine ranking factor. So try not to use inline CSS.

Internal CSS is the CSS codes which resides on html page inside style tag. Internal CSS is increases loading time since no page caching is possible for internal CSS. Try to put your CSS code in external file.

Micro data is the information underlying a html string or paragraph. Consider a string “Avatar”, it could refer a profile picture on forum, blog or social networking site or maybe it refers to the highly successful 3D movie. Microdot is used to specify the reference or underlying information about an html string. Microdata gives chances to search engine and other application for the better understanding of your content and significantly better display on search results.
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If multiple domain name are registered under single IP address, some search bots might label another website as a duplicate of one sites. This is IP canonicalization. Little bit like URL canonicalization. To solve this issue, you want to use redirects.
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Canonical tags make all your URLs lead to a single address or webpage into a single url. Like :
<link rel="canonical" href="https://mywebsite.com/home" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.mywebsite.com/home" />
Both refer to the link mywebsite.com/home. So all the different URL, with the same content or page, will now be under the same link or URL as mywebsite.com/home. This will definitely boost up your search engine ranking by eliminating content duplication. Use canonical tag for all URLs.
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Plain text email address are vulnerable to email scrapping agents. An email scrapping agent will crawl your website and collect every email address which is written in plain text. So existence of plain text email address in your website can help spammers in email harvesting. This could also be a bad sign for search engines.

To fight this problem, you can obfuscate your email addresses in several ways:
1) CSS pseudo classes.
2) Writing your email address backwards.
3) Turn of display using CSS.
4) Obfuscate your email address using JavaScript.
5) Using WordPress and php (WordPress site only).
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